Following the FTC’s Do-Not-Track button proposal of late last year, Mozilla has revealed details of its implementation in Firefox.
The option would allow users to transmit a Do Not Track HTTP header with every click or page view in Firefox, to provide a way for people to opt-out of online behavioral advertising (OBA).
* Mozilla Do-Not-Track FAQ

1/24 Julia Angwin Web Tool On Firefox To Deter Tracking (WSJ)
1/25 Christina Warren Mozilla & Google Announce Browser “Do Not Track” Features (Mashable)
2/11 Gavin Clarke Microsoft sends IE9 ‘do-not-track’ tech to W3C (The Register)
2/28 As noted above Microsoft sent their own solution to W3C. It has now been accepted as a standard. It involves users invoking a filter list from a trusted 3rd party provider as per diagram below.
* 3/16 Gavin Clarke Microsoft and Mozilla edge towards web privacy consensus? (The Register) – Gavin notes that along with the list system, that comprises the MS W3C spec, is included a placeholder for an unspecified header string – putting it on the same page as Mozilla. However, since HTTP is the domain of the IETF, Mozilla has made its proposal to the IETF not the W3C. Gavin foresees some co-operation between the two standards bodies to resolve the two proposals. Meanwhile Google are on their own.
4/13 Wall Street Journal reports that Apple will implement the Firefox header method in Safari.